Electric bikes have become increasingly popular in recent years as a convenient and eco-friendly mode of transportation. However, there is still some confusion regarding the regulations surrounding e-bikes in India, particularly whether or not they require a license to be ridden on public roads.
In this article, we will explore the laws and regulations related to electric bikes in India to provide clarity on this topic.
TL/DR
Official RTO rules set by the Government of India for e-bikes, electric bikes with a motor that generates more than 250 watts and has a top speed of over 25 kmph require a license in India.
Do Electric Bikes Need a License in India?
The answer to whether electric bikes need a license in India depends on their classification. Let’s take a closer look at the license requirements for each type of electric bike.
License Requirements for Pedal-Assist Electric Bikes
According to the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, pedal-assist electric bikes that have a maximum power output of 250 watts and a maximum speed of 25 km/hr are classified as non-motorized vehicles. This means that they do not require a license to be ridden on public roads in India. Anyone can ride a pedal-assist e-bike without a license, regardless of their age.
License Requirements for Throttle-Based Electric Bikes
Throttle-based electric bikes that have a maximum power output of 250 watts and a maximum speed of 25 km/hr are also classified as non-motorized vehicles. Therefore, they do not require a license to be ridden on public roads in India.
However, throttle-based e-bikes that have a maximum speed of more than 25 km/hr and less than 45 km/hr are classified as low-speed electric two-wheelers.
To ride a low-speed electric two-wheeler, the rider must have a valid driving license for motorcycles with gear (also known as an “MCWG” license) issued by the Regional Transport Office (RTO). The rider must also wear a helmet while riding the e-bike.
Throttle-based e-bikes that have a maximum speed of more than 45 km/hr are classified as high-speed electric two-wheelers. To ride a high-speed electric two-wheeler, the rider must have a valid driving license for motorcycles with gear (MCWG license) as well as a registration certificate (RC) for the e-bike. The rider must also wear a helmet and follow all traffic rules and regulations.
Electric Bike Regulations in India
The regulations surrounding electric bikes in India are primarily governed by the Indian Motor Vehicles Act of 1988 and the Central Motor Vehicles Rules of 1989. These laws provide guidelines for the manufacturing, registration, and use of electric bikes in India.
Indian Motor Vehicles Act 1988
The Indian Motor Vehicles Act of 1988 classifies electric bikes as motor vehicles. This means that all electric bikes, regardless of their type, are subject to the same rules and regulations as traditional motor vehicles.
Central Motor Vehicles Rules 1989
The Central Motor Vehicles Rules of 1989 provide more specific guidelines for the use of electric bikes in India. According to these rules, electric bikes are classified based on their power output and maximum speed.
- Electric bikes with a maximum power output of 250 watts and a maximum speed of 25 km/hr are classified as non-motorized vehicles.
- Electric bikes with a maximum power output of 250 watts and a maximum speed of 25 km/hr to 45 km/hr are classified as low-speed electric two-wheelers.
- Electric bikes with a maximum power output of more than 250 watts or a maximum speed of more than 45km/hr are classified as high-speed electric two-wheelers.
The rules also require all electric bikes to be equipped with certain safety features, such as headlights, taillights, and rearview mirrors. Additionally, electric bike manufacturers are required to obtain certification from the Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) before selling their bikes in the country.
Penalties for Riding Without a License
Riding an electric bike without a valid license can result in penalties and fines. According to the Motor Vehicles Act, driving without a valid license can result in a fine of up to Rs. 5,000. In addition to the fine, the rider may also face legal action, and their e-bike may be impounded by the authorities.
Can a 16-Year-Old Drive an Electric Bike in India?
According to the Motor Vehicles Act of 1988, the minimum age for obtaining a license to ride a high-speed electric bike in India is 18 years. However, 16-year-olds can obtain a license to ride a low-speed electric bicycle or e-bicycle.
Helmet Requirement While Riding EV
Just like riding a regular motorcycle or scooter, wearing a helmet is mandatory when riding an electric bike in India. The helmet should be ISI certified and must be worn at all times while riding.
Number Plate Requirement for Electric Bike in India
All electric bikes in India, whether they are low-speed e-bicycles or high-speed e-bikes, are required to have a number plate. The number plate should be placed on the rear of the electric bike and should follow the standard format for Indian number plates.
How to Get a License for an Electric Bike in India
If you plan on riding a high-speed electric bike in India, you will need to obtain a license.
To get a license for an electric bike in India, you need to follow the same process as getting a license for a regular motorcycle or scooter. You will need to apply for a learner’s license and then take a driving test to obtain a permanent license. The process for obtaining a license can vary depending on the state you live in, so it’s important to check with your local Regional Transport Office (RTO) for specific requirements.
FAQs
- Are electric bikes legal in India?
- Yes, electric bikes are legal in India, but they are subject to certain regulations regarding speed and licensing requirements.
- Do you need a license to ride a pedal-assist electric bike in India?
- No, pedal-assist electric bikes with a maximum speed of 25 km/hr do not require a license to be ridden on public roads in India.
- How fast can a high-speed electric bike go in India?
- High-speed electric bikes in India have a maximum speed of 45 km/hr.
- What type of license do I need to ride a high-speed electric bike in India?
- To ride a high-speed electric bike in India, you need a valid driving license for motorcycles with gear (MCWG license) as well as a registration certificate (RC) for the e-bike.
